The United States has once again decided to withdraw from UNESCO, the UN’s cultural and educational agency, under President Donald Trump’s administration. This marks a repeat of the 2017 decision during Trump’s first term, which had been reversed by President Joe Biden in 2023. The White House cited ideological differences, alleging that UNESCO promotes “woke” and “divisive” agendas not aligned with US interests.
Background
UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) was established in 1945 to foster global peace through cooperation in education, science, culture, and communication. The US has had a complicated relationship with UNESCO, withdrawing in 1984 and rejoining in 2003. The main points of contention have been perceived anti-US or anti-Israel biases and financial mismanagement.
Significance of the Move
The decision reflects the “America First” foreign policy that emphasizes national sovereignty over multilateral cooperation. Trump’s administration believes that UNESCO supports ideologies and policies that contradict American values. The move also strengthens US alignment with Israel, which has long criticized the agency for its stance on Palestinian statehood.
Key Reasons for Withdrawal
- UNESCO’s recognition of Palestine as a full member in 2011.
- Alleged anti-Israel bias in UNESCO resolutions.
- The agency’s support for “woke” cultural and social agendas, according to the White House.
- Accusations that UNESCO promotes a globalist agenda conflicting with US priorities.
Impact on Global Cooperation
Although the US contributes around 8% to UNESCO’s budget, officials say the financial impact will be limited. However, the symbolic impact is significant. The withdrawal may weaken international collaboration on key issues like education access, heritage protection, and Holocaust education. Critics argue the decision gives more influence to China, now UNESCO’s largest financial contributor.
Key Takeaways for Competitive Exams
- US withdrawal from UNESCO due to ideological differences and bias allegations.
- Historical context of US involvement with UNESCO and reasons for previous withdrawals.
- Impact of the move on global cooperation and key areas like education and heritage protection.
- US emphasis on national sovereignty and implications for multilateral agreements.
