21. Bacteria can colonize and form communities called:
a) biofilms
b) colonies
c) aggregates
d) clusters
22. Bacteria can exchange genetic material through a process called:
a) transformation
b) transduction
c) conjugation
d) all of the above
23. Which of the following bacteria is responsible for causing urinary tract infections?
a) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
b) Haemophilus influenzae
c) Escherichia coli
d) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
24. Bacterial metabolism can be classified into two main groups based on their energy source. What are these groups?
a) autotrophs and heterotrophs
b) aerobic and anaerobic
c) gram-positive and gram-negative
d) cocci and bacilli
25. The process of bacterial replication, where one bacterium divides into two identical daughter cells, is known as:
a) binary fission
b) meiosis
c) mitosis
d) budding
