61. The ‘Doctrine of Preemption’ refers to:
a) The Centre’s power to preempt the legislative field of the states
b) The states’ power to preempt the legislative field of the Centre
c) The Centre’s power to preempt the executive field of the states
d) The states’ power to preempt the executive field of the Centre
62. The ‘Doctrine of Pith and Substance’ deals with:
a) The distribution of legislative powers between the Centre and the states
b) The distribution of executive powers between the Centre and the states
c) The interpretation of fundamental rights
d) The interpretation of directive principles of state policy
63. The ‘Doctrine of Negative Residual Powers’ implies that:
a) The Centre has exclusive powers in matters not mentioned in the Union List
b) The states have exclusive powers in matters not mentioned in the State List
c) The Union territories have exclusive powers in matters not mentioned in the Concurrent List
d) The Concurrent List is the repository of all residual powers
64. The ‘Doctrine of Legislative Fields’ states that:
a) The Centre has exclusive powers in certain fields and the states have exclusive powers in certain fields
b) The Centre has exclusive powers in all fields and the states have exclusive powers in some fields
c) The Centre and the states have equal powers in all fields
d) The Concurrent List is the repository of all legislative fields
65. The ‘Doctrine of Repugnancy’ implies that:
a) A state law prevails over a Union law if they are inconsistent
b) A Union law prevails over a state law if they are inconsistent
c) Both state and Union laws can coexist on the same subject
d) Neither state nor Union laws can be enforced
