Fundamental Rights are a set of basic rights that are guaranteed to every citizen of India under Part III of the Indian Constitution. These rights ensure that every individual has the freedom and autonomy to live with dignity, equality, and justice. The Fundamental Rights are considered the cornerstone of the Indian Constitution as they aim to protect the individual from arbitrary actions by the state, and promote the idea of a democratic and egalitarian society.
The Fundamental Rights include:
- Right to Equality: It ensures equality before the law, prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, gender or place of birth, and guarantees equal opportunity in matters of employment.
- Right to Freedom: This includes the freedom of speech and expression, the freedom to assemble peacefully, the freedom to form associations or unions, the freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India, and the freedom to reside and settle in any part of the country.
- Right Against Exploitation: It prohibits all forms of forced labor, child labor, and human trafficking.
- Right to Freedom of Religion: This ensures that individuals have the freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion, and the state shall not promote any particular religion.
- Cultural and Educational Rights: It protects the rights of minorities to conserve their language, script and culture and ensures equal access to education.
- Right to Constitutional Remedies: This right ensures that individuals have the right to move the Supreme Court or High Courts for the enforcement of their Fundamental Rights.
Here are the article numbers of the Fundamental Rights as enshrined in the Indian Constitution:
- Right to Equality – Articles 14 to 18
- Right to Freedom – Articles 19 to 22
- Right against Exploitation – Articles 23 to 24
- Right to Freedom of Religion – Articles 25 to 28
- Cultural and Educational Rights – Articles 29 to 30
- Right to Property (now abolished) – Article 31
- Right to Constitutional Remedies – Articles 32 to 35.
Here are some General Knowledge questions and answers related to Fundamental Rights:
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Equality?
A: The Right to Equality is guaranteed under Articles 14 to 18 of the Indian Constitution.
Q: Which Fundamental Right is guaranteed by Articles 19 to 22 of the Indian Constitution?
A: Articles 19 to 22 guarantee the Right to Freedom, which includes freedom of speech and expression, freedom to assemble peacefully, freedom to form associations or unions, freedom to move freely throughout the territory of India, and freedom to practice any profession, occupation, trade, or business.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution prohibits the practice of untouchability?
A: Article 17 of the Indian Constitution prohibits the practice of untouchability in any form.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Freedom of Religion?
A: The Right to Freedom of Religion is guaranteed under Articles 25 to 28 of the Indian Constitution.
Q: Which Fundamental Right is guaranteed by Articles 32 to 35 of the Indian Constitution?
A: Articles 32 to 35 guarantee the Right to Constitutional Remedies, which enables citizens to approach the Supreme Court or High Courts for enforcement of their Fundamental Rights.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Education as a Fundamental Right?
A: Article 21A of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Education as a Fundamental Right for children between the ages of six and fourteen.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution provides protection against arbitrary arrest and detention?
A: Article 22 of the Indian Constitution provides protection against arbitrary arrest and detention, and lays down the procedure for arrest and detention of a person.
Q: Which Fundamental Right is guaranteed by Articles 23 and 24 of the Indian Constitution?
A: Articles 23 and 24 guarantee the Right against Exploitation, which prohibits trafficking in human beings and forced labor, and provides protection against employment of children in hazardous jobs.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution grants the Right to Life and Personal Liberty?
A: Article 21 of the Indian Constitution grants the Right to Life and Personal Liberty to all individuals, which includes the right to live with dignity, privacy, and freedom from arbitrary or unreasonable interference.
Q: Which Fundamental Right is guaranteed by Articles 29 and 30 of the Indian Constitution?
A: Articles 29 and 30 guarantee Cultural and Educational Rights, which provide protection to the linguistic and cultural minorities of India, and the right of minorities to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression?
A: Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Freedom of Speech and Expression, which includes the right to express one’s views, opinions, and beliefs freely and without fear of censorship or restraint.
Q: Which Fundamental Right is guaranteed by Article 25 of the Indian Constitution?
A: Article 25 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Freedom of Religion, which includes the freedom to profess, practice, and propagate any religion of one’s choice, subject to certain reasonable restrictions.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Equality before Law?
A: Article 14 of the Indian Constitution guarantees the Right to Equality before Law, which means that every individual is equal before the law and is entitled to equal protection of the laws.
Q: Which Fundamental Right is guaranteed by Article 19(1)(c) of the Indian Constitution?
A: Article 19(1)(c) guarantees the Right to Form Associations or Unions, which allows citizens to freely form associations or unions for any lawful purpose.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution provides protection against discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth?
A: Article 15 of the Indian Constitution provides protection against discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth.
Q: Which Fundamental Right is guaranteed by Article 19(1)(g) of the Indian Constitution?
A: Article 19(1)(g) guarantees the Right to Practice any Profession, Occupation, Trade, or Business, which allows citizens to choose their own profession or occupation and engage in any lawful economic activity.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution provides for the Right to Education as a Directive Principle of State Policy?
A: Article 41 of the Indian Constitution provides for the Right to Education as a Directive Principle of State Policy, which mandates the State to provide free and compulsory education to all children up to the age of 14 years.
Q: Which Fundamental Right is guaranteed by Article 20 of the Indian Constitution?
A: Article 20 guarantees the Right against Double Jeopardy, Self-Incrimination, and Ex Post Facto Laws, which provides protection to individuals against unfair and arbitrary criminal proceedings.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution provides for the protection of Minorities?
A: Article 29 of the Indian Constitution provides for the protection of Minorities, which ensures that the rights of linguistic and cultural minorities are protected and they are not discriminated against on the basis of their religion, language, or culture.
Q: Which Fundamental Right is guaranteed by Article 21A of the Indian Constitution?
A: Article 21A guarantees the Right to Education as a Fundamental Right, which mandates the State to provide free and compulsory education to all children between the ages of six and fourteen years.
Q: Which article of the Indian Constitution provides for the protection of interests of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes?
A: Article 46 of the Indian Constitution provides for the protection of interests of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, which directs the State to promote their educational and economic interests and protect them from social injustice and exploitation.
Q: Which Fundamental Right is guaranteed by Article 22(1) of the Indian Constitution?
A: Article 22(1) guarantees the Right to be Informed of the Grounds of Arrest and to Consult a Lawyer, which provides protection to individuals against arbitrary arrest and detention by the State.
Q: What are Fundamental Rights?
A: Fundamental Rights are a set of basic rights guaranteed to every citizen of India under Part III of the Indian Constitution.
Q: How many Fundamental Rights are there in the Indian Constitution?
A: There are six Fundamental Rights in the Indian Constitution.
Q: Which Fundamental Right guarantees equality before the law?
A: The Right to Equality guarantees equality before the law and prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, gender or place of birth.
Q: Which Fundamental Right ensures the freedom of speech and expression?
A: The Right to Freedom includes the freedom of speech and expression.
Q: Which Fundamental Right prohibits all forms of forced labor and child labor?
A: The Right Against Exploitation prohibits all forms of forced labor, child labor, and human trafficking.
Q: Which Fundamental Right protects the rights of minorities to conserve their language, script and culture?
A: Cultural and Educational Rights protect the rights of minorities to conserve their language, script and culture.
Q: Which Fundamental Right ensures that individuals have the right to move the Supreme Court or High Courts for the enforcement of their Fundamental Rights?
A: The Right to Constitutional Remedies ensures that individuals have the right to move the Supreme Court or High Courts for the enforcement of their Fundamental Rights.
Q: When were Fundamental Rights incorporated into the Indian Constitution?
A: Fundamental Rights were incorporated into the Indian Constitution on January 26, 1950.
Q: Which Fundamental Right ensures that individuals have the freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion?
A: The Right to Freedom of Religion ensures that individuals have the freedom to profess, practice and propagate any religion, and the state shall not promote any particular religion.
Q: Which Fundamental Right guarantees equal opportunity in matters of employment?
A: The Right to Equality guarantees equal opportunity in matters of employment.
Q: Which Fundamental Right protects the freedom of individuals to move freely throughout the territory of India?
A: The Right to Freedom protects the freedom of individuals to move freely throughout the territory of India.
Q: Which Fundamental Right prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, gender or place of birth?
A: The Right to Equality prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, gender or place of birth.
Q: Which Fundamental Right ensures that individuals have the freedom to assemble peacefully and form associations or unions?
A: The Right to Freedom ensures that individuals have the freedom to assemble peacefully and form associations or unions.
Q: Which Fundamental Right protects the rights of individuals against arbitrary actions by the state?
A: The Fundamental Rights protect the rights of individuals against arbitrary actions by the state.
Q: What is the significance of Fundamental Rights in a democracy?
A: Fundamental Rights are an essential feature of democracy as they ensure that individuals have the freedom and autonomy to live with dignity, equality, and justice. They protect the individual from arbitrary actions by the state, and promote the idea of a democratic and egalitarian society.
Q: What is the difference between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles of State Policy?
A: Fundamental Rights are justiciable and enforceable through the courts, whereas Directive Principles of State Policy are non-justiciable and not enforceable by the courts. Fundamental Rights are negative in nature, which means they prohibit certain actions by the state, whereas Directive Principles of State Policy are positive in nature, which means they mandate certain actions by the state.
Q: Can Fundamental Rights be suspended during a national emergency?
A: Yes, Fundamental Rights can be suspended during a national emergency declared under Article 352 of the Constitution.
Q: What is the significance of the Right to Constitutional Remedies?
A: The Right to Constitutional Remedies ensures that individuals have the right to move the Supreme Court or High Courts for the enforcement of their Fundamental Rights. It acts as a safeguard against any violation of Fundamental Rights and ensures that individuals have access to justice.
Q: Which Fundamental Right protects the right to life and personal liberty?
A: The Right to Life and Personal Liberty is protected under Article 21 of the Constitution, which ensures that no person shall be deprived of their life or personal liberty except according to the procedure established by law.
Q: Which Fundamental Right ensures the freedom to reside and settle in any part of the country?
A: The Right to Freedom ensures the freedom to reside and settle in any part of the country.
Q: Which Fundamental Right ensures that individuals have the right to education?
A: The Right to Education is a Fundamental Right under Article 21A of the Constitution, which ensures that every child between the ages of 6 to 14 years has the right to free and compulsory education.
Q: Which Fundamental Right guarantees the right to practice any profession or carry on any occupation, trade or business?
A: The Right to Freedom guarantees the right to practice any profession or carry on any occupation, trade or business.
Q: Which Fundamental Right prohibits untouchability and the practice of any form of social discrimination?
A: The Right Against Untouchability prohibits untouchability and the practice of any form of social discrimination on grounds of caste, religion, race, or place of birth.
Q: Which Fundamental Right protects the rights of individuals to own property?
A: The Right to Property was a Fundamental Right under the original Constitution, but it was removed by the 44th Amendment in 1978. However, the right to property is still protected under Article 300A of the Constitution as a legal right.
Q: Which Fundamental Right protects the rights of individuals to privacy?
A: The Right to Privacy was recognized as a Fundamental Right by the Supreme Court of India in the landmark case of Puttaswamy v. Union of India in 2017.
Q: Which Fundamental Right ensures that individuals have the right to access information held by public authorities?
A: The Right to Information is not a Fundamental Right, but it is a statutory right under the Right to Information Act, 2005, which ensures that individuals have the right to access information held by public authorities.
The Fundamental Rights are an essential feature of the Indian Constitution and they play a crucial role in protecting the democratic values of the country.
-Indologus
