26. The main function of fermentation in the absence of oxygen is to:
a) Generate ATP
b) Convert pyruvate into ethanol or lactic acid
c) Regenerate NAD+ for glycolysis to continue
d) Convert glucose into pyruvate
27. The process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy is called:
a) Glycolysis
b) Krebs cycle
c) Calvin cycle
d) Oxidative phosphorylation
28. The primary pigment involved in the Calvin cycle is:
a) Chlorophyll a
b) Chlorophyll b
c) Carotenoids
d) Xanthophylls
29. RuBP is regenerated during the Calvin cycle through a process known as:
a) Carbon fixation
b) Photorespiration
c) C3 photosynthesis
d) Regeneration of RuBP
30. Plants that use the C4 pathway of photosynthesis are more efficient in hot and dry environments because they:
a) Reduce water loss through transpiration
b) Minimize photorespiration
c) Maximize ATP production
d) Synthesize more glucose per molecule of carbon dioxide
