11. The Portuguese Empire lost control of the island of Ceylon (present-day Sri Lanka) to which European power in the 17th century?
a) Spain
b) England
c) France
d) Netherlands
12. The city of Macau, which the Portuguese Empire colonized, is located in which present-day country?
a) China
b) India
c) Japan
d) Malaysia
13. Who was the Portuguese king who played a crucial role in promoting exploration and overseas expansion during the Age of Discovery?
a) King Ferdinand II
b) King John II
c) King Manuel I
d) King Philip II
14. The Portuguese Empire had a significant presence in Brazil due to the exploration led by which navigator?
a) Pedro Álvares Cabral
b) Hernán Cortés
c) Francisco Pizarro
d) Juan Ponce de León
15. Which Portuguese explorer is known for being the first European to reach Japan in 1542?
a) Vasco da Gama
b) Ferdinand Magellan
c) Francisco Xavier
d) Bartolomeu Dias
