16. The establishment of the Portuguese Empire in Asia was marked by the construction of which fort in 1511, serving as a strategic base in Malacca?
a) Fort São João
b) Fort Santiago
c) Fortaleza de São Tiago
d) Fort A Famosa
17. The Portuguese Empire’s influence in East Africa was strongest in which region, where they established several trading posts?
a) Mozambique
b) Zanzibar
c) Senegal
d) Sierra Leone
18. Which Portuguese king is credited with introducing the “Estado da Índia,” a centralized administration for the Portuguese Empire’s territories in India?
a) King John II
b) King Sebastian
c) King Manuel I
d) King John III
19. The Portuguese Empire faced fierce competition from the Dutch in the Indian Ocean, leading to the loss of which important spice trading center?
a) Goa
b) Malacca
c) Macau
d) Ceylon (Sri Lanka)
20. Which Portuguese explorer is known for exploring the eastern coast of South America, including Brazil, in 1500?
a) Vasco da Gama
b) Bartolomeu Dias
c) Pedro Álvares Cabral
d) Ferdinand Magellan
