111. The concept of “judicial activism” means:
a) The courts taking an active role in addressing social issues and protecting fundamental rights
b) The courts deferring to the decisions of the executive and legislative branches
c) The courts being passive and restrained in their approach
d) The courts limiting their role to interpreting laws without any interference
112. The Supreme Court of India has the power to interpret the Constitution through its power of:
a) Judicial review
b) Judicial activism
c) Judicial restraint
d) Judicial independence
113. The power of judicial review in India is a part of the basic structure doctrine as established in the case of:
a) Golaknath v. State of Punjab
b) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
c) Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India
d) Indira Nehru Gandhi v. Raj Narain
114. Which case recognized the “right to live with human dignity” as a fundamental right under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution?
a) Golaknath v. State of Punjab
b) Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
c) Maneka Gandhi v. Union of India
d) Francis Coralie Mullin v. Union Territory of Delhi
115. The concept of “public interest litigation” was first introduced by the Supreme Court of India in which case?
a) S. P. Gupta v. Union of India
b) Hussainara Khatoon v. State of Bihar
c) Bandhua Mukti Morcha v. Union of India
d) People’s Union for Civil Liberties v. Union of India
